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Moses’ First Address[a]

Chapter 1

Introduction.[b] These are the words that Moses spoke to the whole of Israel on the desert side of the Jordan, in the Arabah,[c] opposite Suph, between Paran, Tophel, Laban, Hazeroth, and Dizahab. This was an eleven days’ journey from Horeb[d] to Kadesh-barnea by way of the highlands of Seir.

On the first day of the eleventh month of the fortieth year, Moses told the Israelites all that the Lord had commanded him to say to them.[e]

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Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 1:1 As it reflects on its past, Israel understands how everything has come to it from God.
  2. Deuteronomy 1:1 The reflections are put on the lips of Moses and presented as his spiritual testament. In them reference is made to many incidents already recounted, especially in Numbers.
  3. Deuteronomy 1:1 Arabah: the depression between the Red Sea and the southern stretches of the Jordan. Suph: the Suphah of Num 21:14. Dizahab: the modern el-Dhaibet. The Desert of Paran: the modern Gebel-et-Tih (see Num 10:12). Laban and Hazeroth: see Num 33:17-20. Tophel: perhaps the modern et-Tafileh.
  4. Deuteronomy 1:2 Horeb or Sinai; Seir: in the Negeb or desert in southern Palestine. Kadesh-barnea: in southern Palestine, the modern Am Qedeis.
  5. Deuteronomy 1:3 The date given is that of the death of Moses and his farewell address.